Heat exchanger



Feb. 19, 1957 c. s. slMPELAAR 2,782,010

HEAT EXCHANGER' Filed Dec. 18, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 19, 1957 WSIMQFECAAR 2,782,010 y HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Dec. 18. 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 19, 1957 c. s. slMPELAAR 2,782,010

HEAT EXCHANGER Filed nec. 1s, 194e 4 sheets-sheet z Feb. 19,l 1957 c. s. slMPELAAR 2,782,010

HEAT EXCHANGER rFiled Dec. 18. 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 @19 Z x52 j@ @y gli@ wifi@ 2,182,010 HEAT EXQHANGER Clyde S. Simpelaar, Racine,v Wis., assignor to Modine Manufacturing Company, Racine, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin This invention relates to heat exchangers and has special reference'to heat exchangers of the liquid to gas type although its use is notlimited thereto.

The invention has reference more particularly to hea-t exchangers of the nested together channel shaped tin construction, examples of which are disclosed in my prior applications for patent Serial No. 789,251 filed October 16, 1947 now Patent No. 2,606,007 dated August 5, 1952 and Serial No. 12,865 tiled March 3, 1948 now Patent No. 2,595,308 dated May 6, 1952. in said applications the heat exchangers as well as inthe present disclosure are composed of alternate slabs of passes fotone fluid and intermediate slabs of passes for another uid, with separation sheets between the slabs and -oneof the objects of the present inventionis to introduce and discharge the luids through fittings or connections disposed on the faces of the structure and to provide means to separately conduet the iiuids from one face of the structure through passage ways to the opposite face of the structure, with one type 'of huid passing through alternate sla'bs Iof passes and the other type of fluid passing through intermediate slabs of passes, whereby the heat of one type of fluid is transferred to the other huid.

With this arrangement of inlet and outlet connections, the latterl are included within the perimeter of the structure or within projecting bosses. The present design permits easy utilization of; the methods of grooving `end piece of the blanked-oiipasses, to provide vents to the outside end thereby eliminating possibility of pass to pass leakage into the connections. Furthermore, 'by applying the connections to the faces of the structure, it is also .possible to make one of thesla-bs of fluid passes completely accessible for inspection and cleaning.

With thesev and other objects and advantages in view, this invention consists in the several novel features hereinafter fully set forth which is more particularly dened in the appended claims. y The invention is clearly illustrated in the drawings accompanying this specificati-on in which:V

Fig. 1 is a horizontal section throughA one of the slabs of passes for one type of iluid such as gas or, air, the section `being taken substantially on line 11 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a horizontalk section throughra slab of passes for another huid, suchl astwater or other liquid, the secltion beingrtaken substantiallyfon line Zf-Z'of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a vertical iongitudinal section' partly broken away taken substantiallyon line 3-2':Y ofV Fig. l. f

Fig. 4 is a vertical section partly 'broken away taken substantially on the line4-fi of Fig. l.

` line 6-6 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is a vvertical longitudinal section taken substantially along the line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

hired States Patent lCe Fig. 8 is a perspective view of one of the end bars and a fragment of one of the side bars seen in Figs. 6 and 7.

Fig. 9 is an end elevation of a modified form of the heat exchanger with one of the end sheets partly Ibroken away and most of the slabs of ypasses omitted.

Fig. 10 is a detail horizontal section of -a pipe connection seen in Fig. 9 taken substantially along the line lilli) of Fig. l2.

Fig. ll is a detail Vertical section taken substantially along the line 11-11 of Fig. 12, land Fig. 12 is a View of the parts seen Fig. 10, partly in end elevation and partly in vertical section taken substantially along the line 12-12 of Fig; 10.

These drawings are more or less schema-tic and are not intended as working drawings of the heat exchanger.

Referring to said drawings and first to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, which illustrate the preferred embodiment of the invention, the reference character 15 designates alternate slabs of nested together channel shaped fins forming passes for one iiuid-gas or air, and 16 designates intermediate slabs of nested together channel shaped fins forming lother passes for another fluid such as Water or other liquid.

The alternate and intermediate slabs are separated by y separation sheets i7, and top and bottom sheets 14 cover the top and Ibottom sides of the structure.

A fragment yof one of the fins is seen at 18 in Fig. 5; they are nested together as seen in Fig. 4 to provide passes or passages through which fluid may ow from one end of the structure to the other. However, the end portions rof the tins may be pierced to provide perforations 1.9 whereby the fluid may cross flow at the end of the pass into the connection as is indicated by the arrows in Figs. l and 2.

Bolted or otherwise secured to one face of the structure as for instance by bolts 13, is an inlet connection 20 for gas or air, and bolted or `otherwise secured upon the opposite face of the structure at the opposite end thereof is an outlet connection 21 for the discharge of the gas. Bolted or otherwise secured to one face of the structure is an inlet connection 22 for liquid such as water, and 'bolted or rotherwise secured to one face of the structure is an outlet connection 23 for the discharge of the liquid. These several connections are connected to pipes or other -conduits (not shown) for the admission of the fluids to the structure and for the discharge of the fluids therefrom.

The separation sheets 17 and the top and 'bottomsheets Y 14 are formed with holes 24, 25 aligned respectively with the connections whereby the fluids may flow through the respective passes from the inlet connections to the outlet lone side of the structure to the other side thereof. The

blocks 26 are located in the liquid passes and `block lout the liquid passes from the air passes. Whereas, the blocks 27 are iocated in the air passes and block out the liquid passes from the air'passes 'so that each separate uid is' caused to How through its respective passes. A cover 53 is bolted to thestructure and closes Vthe lower end of thepassage way`3i21(seeFig. 3). f l

The arrows in Fig. l show the general direction of the ow of gas from the inlet passage way 31 to the outlet passage way Sia, and the arrows in Fig. 2 show 4the gen* eral direction of flow of the liquid from the liquid inlet passage way 30 to the outlet passage Way 30a. The perforations 19 in the tins provide for cross ow of the fluids .whereas the channels of the lfinsjprovidefor ow of the fluid lengthwise thereof. The endmost blocks 26 provide 4bars are blocked off by the bar itself.

solid foundations to which the connections are bolted and otherwise secured.

Along the outer side edges of each slab of gas passes are frame bars 32 which may be composed of channel shaped bars, and the blocks 27 may be formed with lugs 33 (see Fig. 1), secured in the channels ofthe frame bars 32.

Surrounding each slab of liquid passes is a border frame 34, preferably composed of channel shaped lengthwise extending frame bars 35 to the ends of Which are secured end or cross bars 36 having extensions 37, which extend into the channels of the frame bars 35. The cross bars 36 block oi the open ends of the slabs of liquid passes.

Referring now to Fig. l the greater portion of slab of gas passes is blocked olf by heads 40 and gaskets 41 bolted to the ends of the structure and the endmost passes are blocked oi by the blocks 27, and those tins which run into the gas inlet and outlet passage ways 31, 31a, terminate at said passages but they may continue on the opposite sides thereof.

Referring to Fig. 2, the cross bars 36 block ol the open ends of certain of the liquid passes and the blocks 26 block off the ends of other liquid passes. The ns which are adjacent the gas inlet and outlet passage ways 30, 30a terminate at said passages. The blocks 26, 26 block orf certain of the liquid passes. The tins 16 conduct liquid from the inlet passage ways 30 to the outlet passage ways 30a.

In the operation of the heat exchanger illustrated in Figs. l to 5, the liquid enters the structure through the inlet connection 22, tlows down through the passage way 30, and thence through the slabs of liquid passes 16 which open to the passage way 30, and discharges through the passage way 30a and liquid outlet connection 23. The blocks 27 block out the slabs of passes 15 for the gas and the blocks 26 block out the slabs of passes for the liquid at the discharge passage way 31a.

In like manner the gas enters the structure through the gas connection 20, flows through the inlet passageway 31, through the slab of passes 15 for the gas and nally discharges through the discharge passage way 31a and through the outlet connection 21.

For inspecting and cleaning the gas passes, the heads 40 and gaskets are removed thereby exposing the open ends of the gas passes.

In the modified form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive, the slabs of liquid and gas passes 15a, 16a with the separation sheets 17a between them,

are constructed substantially the same as in the preferred form of the invention except that all of them extend the full llength of the structure.

The inlet and outlet passage ways are shown as comprising hollow lugs 20a, 21a, 22a, 23a formed integral with the end or cross frame bars 36a of the inclosing frames 34a which surround the slabs of passes. The hollow of the liquid inlet and outlet connections 22a, 23d are extended through the end or cross bars as at 22b, and in said extended passages are corrugated strips 50 to keep the separation sheets from sagging at the extended passages. The gas inlet and outlet connections on the said On adjacentend or cross` bars 36a the positions of the lliquidiand gas inlet connections are reversed so that the liquid is conducted through the alternate slabs of passes and the gas conducted through the intermediate slabs of passes, one lug 21am on each cross bar serving merely toll in the space between the lugs which have the extended passages leading to the slabs of passes. Grooves 51 may be provided in the lugs to permit escape of leakage and the end or cross, bars may further be provided with apertured lugs 52 through which tie-rods may be inserted and several of the units may be fastened together by said rods.`

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 9 to inclusive, the liquid inlet and outlet connections 22x, 22z, may be in the form of rings 52 formed with inwardly offset flanges 53 which enter the next adjacent rings. Extending from each ring is a laterally extending rectangular wall 54 which incloses a passage way from the ring to one of the liquid passes 15x of the structure. lf desired the passage way may be subdivided by partitions 56 into several passage ways. One endmost ring 52x may be threaded to' receive a pipe or conduit (not shown), and the other endmost ring 52z threaded to receive a plug 57 or other closure.

The pipe connection shown in Figs. 9 to 12 may be used in connection with a heat exchanger which is open at two ends a, b, to permit gas or air to ow through the gas passes. Suitable conduits (not shown) may lead to and from said open ends of the structure to convey gas or air to and from the exchanger.

ln this form of heat exchanger the liquid passes 15x at the ends a, b of the structure, run crosswise thereof from the passage ways formed by the walls 54, and are perforated so as to establish communication with passes 15z which extend lengthwise of the structure, the gas or air passes 16x extend between the slabs of liquid passes from end to end of the structure. The pipe connection of the form illustrated in Figs. 9 to 12 inclusive provide means to align the slabs of passes during the bonding operation.

It is to be understood that all of the parts comprising the structures of the several forms of the invention illustrated, with the exception of those parts which are bolted thereto, are provided with bonding material, and that the entire structure is placed in an oven and subjected to a temperature which fuses the bonded material whereby a complete integral structure is formed thereby.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that various immaterial modications may be made in the same without departing from the spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form, construction, arrangement and combination parts herein shown and described or uses mentioned.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A heat `exchanger comprising in combination, a unit composed of alternate slabs of passes and intermediate slabs of passes, said slabs of passes comprising nested together complementally formed channel shaped fins, separation sheets between the slabs, outer sheets, inlet and outlet passageways for said alternate passes extending crosswise of the slabs, each passageway of said alternate passes having walls to block out adjacent intermediate passes, inlet and outlet passageways for said intermediate passes, each passageway of said intermediate passes having walls to block out adjacent alternate passes, and inlet yand outlet connections leading out from said respective inlet and outlet passageways.

2. In a heat exchanger for uids in heat transfer relationship, the combination of a plurality of alternate and Iintermediate slabs respectively adapted to be connected in parallel for the circulation of respective fluids therethrough in heat transfer relationship, frame members extending along the side edges of said alternate slabs and detachable end connections for said slabs, said slabs having a plurality of aligned openings therein spaced inwardly from said end connections, the respective series forming an inlet 'and an outlet for said alternate slabs, the latter comprising a plurality of nested together complementally formed channel shaped fins forming a plurality of tluid passes within the slab, and said tins having the base thereof perforated at the end portions of the tins whereby the nids in heat transfer relationship may crossow at the ends of the passes within such slabs to the respective inlet and outlet openings therefor, annular shaped means positioned in the intermediate slabs surrounding the openings therein and operatively sealing the same with respect to the .interior of such slabs, and

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Drache Mar. 25, 1879 799,621 Brewtnall Sept. 12, 1905 871,308 Vassel Nov. 19, 1907 1,313,730 Pease Aug, 19, 1919 6 Prat Mar. 21, 1922 Fischer et a1. Sept. 16, 1930 Chatain Dec. 6, 1932 Seligman Feb. 19, 1935 Ramsaur et al. Nov. 26, 1940y Wetherby-Williams July 10, 1945 Gloyer f Apr. 6, 1948 Brown, Jr. Aug. 28, 1951 Trumpler Oct. 16, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS France Jan. 16, 1929 Great Britain Mar. 10, 1921 

